As a result of their deliberations committees may make recommendations which they include in their reports for the consideration of the House of Commons or the Government. Recommendations related to this study are listed below.

Recommendation 1

That the Government of Canada protect the property rights and interests of artists through the principles of the Copyright Act, in accordance with the ART principle—authorization, remuneration and transparency:

• a)   The Government of Canada must take the necessary steps and ensure that the scope of the Copyright Act applies to AI-generated content in order to guarantee copyright protection.
• b)   The Government of Canada must mandate greater transparency from AI developers regarding copyrighted works used to train their models, including disclosure of training data sources, to enable proper authorization and licensing.
• c)   The Government of Canada must establish a clear opt-in consent requirement for the use of copyrighted works in the training of artificial intelligence systems, ensuring that creators’ works may not be used for text and data mining or model development without their prior authorization.

Recommendation 2

That the Government of Canada protect Canada’s digital sovereignty through investing in sovereign infrastructure, such as Canadian-owned and governed public data infrastructure; infrastructure allowing artists and organizations to maintain control over their cultural data and research; research and development, including the creation of laboratories; and the development of AI tools trained on linguistic and cultural content that is representative of Canada.

Recommendation 3

That the Government of Canada require that all fully synthetic or AI-generated content be clearly identified as such through standardized labelling mechanisms that are visible and understandable to the public in order to promote transparency, maintain public trust and preserve the integrity of Canada’s information and cultural ecosystem. This requirement should apply across all relevant sectors, including digital platforms, broadcasters, public institutions and cultural organizations, and be accompanied by guidelines defining the responsibilities of producers, broadcasters and technical intermediaries.

Recommendation 4

That the Government of Canada establish a framework governing the systematic and easily identifiable labelling of content created with the assistance of artificial intelligence, including through the use of metadata, digital watermarks or other robust technical solutions. This framework should clearly distinguish content generated entirely by AI from content co-created by humans in order to protect the value of human creative work, support the public’s ability to make informed choices and enable artists, cultural organizations and institutions to disclose their use of AI in a consistent, transparent manner.

Recommendation 5

That the Advisory Council on Artificial Intelligence create a working group dedicated specifically to cultural issues, mandated to examine the impacts of AI on artistic and cultural ecosystems and to provide informed advice to the Government of Canada. This working group should include experts from Quebec, Indigenous and Canadian cultural communities to reflect the country’s linguistic, cultural and territorial diversity and ensure that AI-related policies and regulatory frameworks take into account the specific realities and needs of cultural communities.

Recommendation 6

That the Advisory Council on Artificial Intelligence be strengthened through the appointment of at least two additional members from the cultural community, including at least one individual from Quebec, to ensure meaningful representation of artistic and cultural perspectives. These members should be selected from individuals with recognized expertise in cultural creation, dissemination or management and should participate fully in the Council's deliberations and opinions to ensure that the impacts of AI on cultural expression, copyright and artists' working conditions are systematically considered.

Recommendation 7

That the Government of Canada take all necessary measures to maintain Canada’s leadership in artificial intelligence research and development and ensure that the technologies developed remain Canadian through the registration of intellectual property patents. These measures would include the following:

• a)   The Government of Canada must continue to support the national AI research institutes, AMII, Vector and Mila, in upholding Canada’s leadership in the ethical development of AI.
• b)   The Department of Canadian Heritage must explore programming to support cultural AI experimentation that will help Canadian creators adopt and master AI as a tool to enhance human capabilities while preserving creative autonomy.

Recommendation 8

That the Government of Canada regulate the harmful outcomes of AI, not the technology itself, in order to protect Canadians while maintaining innovation and competitiveness.

Recommendation 9

That the Government of Canada collaborate with experts and stakeholders to develop a national strategy for AI literacy and skills across all educational levels and professional sectors, including the creative industries. This strategy should align with established guidelines, such as the UNESCO AI student competencies.

Recommendation 10

That the Department of Canadian Heritage continue to support artistic and cultural production. The Department must develop and implement guidelines ensuring that existing and future cultural funds, such as tax credits and programs supporting cultural production, support human creative jobs and content. The Department of Canadian Heritage must also conduct or fund expert research on the impacts of advances in artificial intelligence on creators and the creative industries.

Recommendation 11

That the Advisory Council on Artificial Intelligence, including the two additional members from the cultural community as specified in Recommendation 6, undertake work to determine the threshold of human intervention required to grant copyright to an AI-assisted creative work.

Recommendation 12

That the Government of Canada support the development of ethical and representative cultural data trusts, explicitly including cultural and linguistic expressions from underrepresented communities, to reduce algorithmic bias in AI tools used in the creative industries.

Recommendation 13

That the Government of Canada establish targeted acceleration and funding programs for cultural creators, entrepreneurs and organizations from underrepresented communities to promote their participation in the development, use and governance of AI technologies in the creative sectors.